大写锁定键一般都是非常鸡肋的功能。

仅仅一次生效

 setxkbmap -option caps:escape  大写锁定键改为esc
 
 setxkbmap -option ctrl:nocaps  大写锁定键改为ctrl

永久生效

• /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/90-custom-kbd.conf

Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "keyboard defaults"
    MatchIsKeyboard "on"

    Option "XKbOptions" "caps:escape"
EndSection

注销或者重启后生效

https://superuser.com/questions/566871/how-to-map-the-caps-lock-key-to-escape-key-in-arch-linuxhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/title/X_keyboard_extension